Field performance of f2 generation progenies of a locally developed hybrid chili (Capsicum Annuum L.) variety

Abstract

Researchers and plant breeders have been consistently working to create improved chilli cultivars through hybridization. Because of the ability to thrive in specific niches and environmental conditions, locally produced hybrid chilli types have become well known. Hence, this study was conducted at the Field Crops Research and Development Institute (FCRDI) Mahailupallama, Sri Lanka to assess the field performances of F2 generation progenies obtained from a locally developed hybrid chilli variety MICH HY1. F1 Generation of MICH Hy 1 Chilli seeds (T1), F2 Generation of self-pollinated MICH Hy 1 Chili seeds (T2) and F2 Generation of open-pollinated MICH Hy 1 Chilli seeds (T3) were used as planting materials and the treatments were arranged in Randomized Complete Block Design having 20 replicates. Different vegetative and reproductive characteristics and yield parameters were recorded. The results showed that the F1 generation performed well compared to the F2 generations from both self-pollination and openpollination in terms of plant height and canopy width, suggesting a genetic advantage defined by taller plants and broader canopies. Chilli plants in T3 took higher days for 1st flowering (65.3 days) while the T1 and T2 took 62.3 and 61.8 days respectively. Moreover, when compared to the F2 generation, the F1 generation produced more pods, higher total weights, and higher overall crop yields. These findings provide chilli farmers and breeders with practical assistance, allowing them to make informed decisions to increase chilli crop yield and success. Future study into the underlying genetic pathways promises more efficient and sustainable chilli cultivation approaches.